Schizophrenia vs. Psychosis
Schizophrenia is a mental illness that is listed in the Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5). It is a lifelong mental health condition that is characterized by abnormally interpreting reality. The distorted thinking patterns that present with schizophrenia can lead to disabling symptoms, as they can interfere with an individual’s ability to function in his or her daily life. The signs and symptoms of schizophrenia vary from person to person, but most commonly involve disorganized speech, visual and/ or auditory hallucinations, delusions, certain antisocial behavior patterns (e.g. involuntary movements, poor hygiene practices, catatonia, etc.), and an impaired ability to function appropriately. There is no cure for schizophrenia, but long-term treatment can help an individual learn how to manage his or her symptoms, and prevent the worsening of symptoms.
PSYCHOSIS
Psychosis, unlike schizophrenia, is a symptom and is not a diagnosable illness.
Psychosis occurs as a result of a psychiatric illness or medical condition and is characterized by a disconnection from reality. When an individual experiences a period of psychosis it is referred to as a psychotic episode. Psychosis usually begins when an individual is in his or her late teenage years to mid-twenties. Psychosis can include a combination of hallucinations (perceiving auditory, visual, and/ or tactile sensations that do not correlate to any real external stimulus), delusions (false beliefs), paranoia, incoherent speech, and/ or exhibiting behaviors that are inappropriate for the situation. Symptoms that an individual in a psychotic episode may experience could include: anxiety, depression, social withdrawal, sleep problems, diminished motivation, and a reduced ability to function overall. The duration and intensity of a psychotic episode will vary.
Comparing schizophrenia to psychosis would be impossible, as psychosis is one of the symptoms of schizophrenia. Psychosis is a symptom that is not exclusive to schizophrenia, but can manifest as a symptom of other mental health conditions, such as:
Depression
Dementia
Borderline personality disorder
Bipolar disorder
Substance use disorder
Psychosis is highly common in America. The National Institute of Mental Health (NIH) reports that nearly 100,000 adolescents and young adults in the US experience their first episode of psychosis each year. Further, as many as 3 in 100 people will have a psychotic episode at some point in their lives.
FOR INFORMATION AND SUPPORT
Navigating the challenges that arise from living with mental illness, struggling with substance abuse, and/ or addiction can not only be all consuming but are often impossible to effectively handle without proper support. If you are concerned for yourself or a loved one in regards to mental illness, substance abuse, and/ or addiction we recommend reaching out for help as soon as possible. Bear in mind that you do not have to be on this journey alone. There is an entire network of professionals that are readily available to help and support you and your loved one throughout every step of the recovery process.
If left untreated, substance abuse, addiction, and/ or mental illness can result in long lasting and potentially life-threatening consequences. The earlier you seek support, the sooner you and your loved ones can return to leading happy, healthy and fulfilling lives. Please do not hesitate to reach out for guidance. We are always available to answer any questions, and are certainly happy to discuss how we might best be able to help in the recovery process.